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"New Earth 21" Program

Technological scenario of CO₂ emission reduction

This figure shows the cost-effective technological scenario of the world total CO₂ emission reduction for the 550 ppmv atabilization. The figure provides a quantitative strategy of the "New Earth 21" program which was conceptually proposed by the Japanese government, using Integrated Assessment Model DNE21. The figure is generated using the difference in primary energy production, CO₂ sequestration and emissions between the Reference Case and the 550 ppmv Stabilization Case.
The best mixture of technological options would minimize the system costs for the atmospheric CO₂ concentration stabilization. Energy savings and conversions among fossil fuels play important roles before the middle of the 21st century, and CO₂ sequestration technologies play important roles after the middle of the 21st century.

The short explanations can be seen by a click to a part of the figure.

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CO₂ Reduction by Energy Conservation

The CO₂ emission reduction is achieved partly by the redcution in primary energy consumption relative to in the Reference Case.

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CO₂ Reduction by Energy Conversion among Fossil Fuels

The CO₂ emission reduction is partly achieved by the conversion of fossil fuels use from carbon intensive energies, such as coal, to the less intensive energies, such as oil, natural gas, relative to in the Reference Case.

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CO₂ Reduction by Use of Non-fossil Fuels

The CO₂ emission reduction is achieved partly by the increase in non-fossil fuel use relative to in the Reference Case.

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Image of Underground Sequestration of CO₂

This CO₂ emission reduction option is a technology to capture CO₂ from large-scale CO₂ emission sources, e.g., fossil fuel power plants, and then to inject the recovered CO₂ into aquifers, depleted gas wells or oil wells for the enhanced recovery.

→ To the CO₂ Storage Research Group of RITE

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Image of CO₂ Ocean Sequestration

This CO₂ emission reduction option is a technology to capture CO₂ from large-scale CO₂ emission sources, e.g., fossil fuel power plants, and then to inject the recovered CO₂ into ocean.

→ To the page of the CO₂ Ocean Sequestration Project of RITE

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CO₂ Reduction Effect by Reforestation

Reforestation is one of the options to reduce atmospheric CO₂ concentration. However, net CO₂ fixation occurs only when the forest is growing, and no net fixation for matured forests, and is not able to be fixed by matured forests. We also should pay attention to that the felling of the reforested forests cause CO₂ release and that the CO₂ fixation effect is canceled. In the figure of CO₂ emission reduction scenaio, the forests or energy crops for energy use is counted as "Biomass energy" which is one of the renewable energies, and the CO₂ reduction effect by reforestation excludes biomass as for energy use. Room for the reduction effect by reforestation reduces as time goes on, because land for the new reforestation is reduced.